Yanditswe na NDABATEZE Jean Bosco.
Indwara y’imidido ni imwe mu ndwara 8 zititabwaho mu Rwanda, ku buryo umuntu uyirwaye abyimba ibirenge n’amaguru,nta gushidikanya bamwe bakemeza ko yarozwe. Gusa ibi siko bimeze kuko ntawe bayiroga cyangwa ngo bayimwanduze
Inzobere mu buvuzi n’bashakashatsi bagaragaza ko Imidido ari indwara iterwa n’uruhurirane rw’imiterere y’umubiri w’umuntu n’ubutaka igafata abantu bagenze n’amaguru batambaye inkweto bagendesha ibirenge igihe kirekire) kandi baba mu bice by’ahantu ubutaka buyitera bwiganje cyane cyane mu bice by’imisozi miremire.
Mu gihugu hose hari ibigo 13 bishobora kuba byavura imidido, imbogamizi zikaba iz’uko abaganga bita kuri abo barwayi bakiri bake.
Bikorimana Jean Bosco, umushakashatsi muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda wakoze ubushakashatsi ku midido binyuze mu mushinga S5 Foundation urwanya indwara y’imidido na Shishikara binyuze mu bufatanye bwa Kaminuza y’u Rwanda n’izo mu Bwongereza, agaragaza ko mu bushakashatsi yakoze yasanze indwara y’imidido akenshi abayirwara ari abo mu bice by’imisozi miremire.
Avuga ko ubwo bushakashatsi yabukoze mu gihe cy’imyaka 5 mu Murenge wa Karengera mu Karere ka Nyamasheke, mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu, aho yakurikiranaga ubuzima bwa buri munsi bw’abarwayi b’imidido.
Ati: “Bariya bantu rero bafite uburwayi bwo kubyimba amaguru bahura n’ibibazo byo kutabona ubuvuzi, hari abajya mu masengesho, hari abajya kwa muganga bagahabwa ibinini bigabanya ububabare nyamara bitavura iyo ndwara, kwivura ubwabo hari abakoresha amavuta bakavanga n’amamesa bakisiga…”
Imidido ni indwara irangwa no kubyimba ibice runaka by’umubiri cyane cyane amaguru. Gusa si yo yonyine ashobora kubyimba kuko n’ibindi bice bishobora kubyimba nk’intoki, cyangwa imyanya ndangagitsina. Iyi ndwara ikaba ari ingaruka z’uko urwungano rwa lymph (aya ni amatembabuzi aba mu mubiri ariko atari amaraso, nayo akaba afite imiyoboro yayo) ruba rwangiritse iyo miyoboro ikipfundika noneho lymph ikirundira aho hipfunditse.
Urwungano rwa lymph akamaro karwo ni ukurinda umubiri indwara muri rusange cyane cyane iziterwa na mikorobi.
Imidido irangwa n’iki?
Nk’uko tumaze kubibona ikimenyetso cya mbere cy’iyi ndwara ni ukubyimba ibice bimwe by’umubiri bitewe n’uko huzuyemo ya matembabuzi. Igice cyafashwe kirabyimba cyane ndetse uruhu rwaho rukazaho ibimeze nk’amagaragamba,ndetse hashobora no kuzaho ibisebe rimwe na rimwe. Iyo umuntu agifatwa agira n’umuriro no gushishira.
Iyi ndwara ishobora no gufata imyanya ndangagitsina y’umugabo aho amabya abyimba cyane n’uko igitsina cye kigasa n’ikiburiyemo kandi uruhu rwacyo rukirega cyane kubera aharukikije hakurura; uwo bibayeho aba yumva uburibwe n’ubushye.
Abagore nabo bashobora kubyimba ibice by’inyuma by’igitsina habyimba byerekera mu iyasha no mu matako hakabyimba
Abagore nabo bashobora kubyimba ibice by’inyuma by’igitsina habyimba byerekera mu iyasha nuko no mu matako hakabyimba.
Igitera imidido
Nkuko twabivuze iyi ndwara iterwa nuko imiyoboro ya lymph iziba, noneho aya matembabuzi akireka ahantu hamwe bikahatera kubyimba.
Mu bihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere byo muri Amerika y’amajyepfo, Afurika yo hagati, Aziya, akenshi uku kubyimba bikomoka ku nzoka zizwi nka Brugia malayi, Brugia timori na Wuchereria bancrofti. Iyi ya nyuma ikaba ari yo ahanini ibitera kurenza izindi. Izi nzoka zangiza rwa rwungano rwa lymph noneho zikahatera kubyimba.
Iyo byafashe imyanya ndangagitsina bishobora kuba byatewe na bagiteri zandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina cyane cyane lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) na donovanosis. Mikorobi zitera izi ndwara zikaba zangiza imiyoboro ya lymph iherereye mu myanya ndangagitsina.
Izindi mpamvu zishobora gutera imidido harimo indwara iterwa n’inzoka ya leischimania, igituntu, ibibembe no guhora wandura indwara ziterwa na bagiteri zo mu bwoko bwa streptococci.
Imidido ivurwa ite?
Iyi ndwara iyo ivuwe ikigufata utarabyimba cyane uravurwa hagendewe ku cyayiguteye, ibi bikaba bimenyekana nyuma yo gusuzumwa na muganga. Iyo yatewe n’inzoka, dore ko ari na zo ziri ku isonga mu kuyitera, hakoreshwa umuti wa diethylcarbamazine. Iyo ari LGV hakoreshwa doxycycline naho donovanosis yo ikavurwa na azithromycin.
Muganga nyuma yo kugusuzuma niwe uzakugenera umuti ugomba gufata n’igihe ugomba kuwufatamo.
Gusa rimwe na rimwe usanga gukoresha imiti gusa bidahagije, bikaba ngombwa kubagwa. Nyuma yo kubagwa umurwayi agahabwa imiti imubuza kuba yakandura izindi ndwara, dore ko haba habazwe ahantu hanini.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubuzima (RBC) mu 2017-2018 bugashyirwa ahagaragara muri 2019 bwagaragaje ko mu Rwanda hari abarwaye imidido barenga ibihumbi 6. Kugeza ubu abarwaye imidido bamaze kwitabwaho bagera kuri 700. Kuri ubu mu Rwanda hari amavuriro agera kuri 13 yita ku barwaye imidido, harimo 11 yashyizweho muri gahunda ya Leta ibinyujije muri RBC ndetse n’andi 2 yashyizweho n’umuryango utari uwa Leta, HASA. intego akaba ari ukurandura iyi ndwara burundu bitarenze 2030.
